UK: У статті розглянуто особливості розвитку «зеленої економіки» в країнах Європейського Союзу та в Україні в умовах цифрової трансформації. Проаналізовано визначення поняття «зелена економіка» та його надано авторське трактування. Визначено індикатори оцінки розвитку «зеленої економіки». Визначено ключові напрями європейської стратегії та досліджено європейський досвід розвитку «зеленої економіки». Проаналізовано сучасний стан і тенденції формування «зеленої економіки» в Україні. Особливу увагу приділено ролі цифрових технологій як драйверів екологічних інновацій, що забезпечують прозорість, ефективність і масштабованість «зелених» змін. Встановлено, що перспективи розвитку «зеленої економіки» в Україні пов’язані з процесами післявоєнної відбудови, гармонізацією політики з європейськими стандартами, розвитком «зелених» фінансів та інтеграцією у єдиний європейський екологічно-цифровий простір.
EN: The article examines the peculiarities of the development of the ‘green economy’ in the countries of the European Union and Ukraine in the context of digital transformation, which is caused by global challenges of sustainable development and the need to combine economic growth with environmental protection. Scientific approaches to defining the concept of a ‘green economy’ are analysed, and the author's interpretation of this phenomenon as a system of economic relations aimed at forming environmentally safe production and consumption with the active use of digital innovations is provided. The main principles of the functioning of the ‘green economy’ are highlighted, including the rational use of natural resources, the development of renewable energy sources, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the introduction of circular production models, and the institutional integration of environmental and digital standards into economic activity. A system of indicators for assessing the level of development of the ‘green economy’ has been defined, covering energy efficiency, the share of renewable sources in the structure of energy consumption, the volume of investments in ‘green’ technologies, the level of digitalisation of environmental processes and the effectiveness of environmental policy. The article examines in detail the European experience, in particular the implementation of the European Green Deal and the Horizon Europe programme, which define the EU's strategic priorities in achieving climate neutrality, developing renewable energy, introducing electromobility, forming a circular economy and applying digital platforms in the field of environmental process management. It has been found that digitalisation is a key factor in environmental innovation in EU countries, as it allows the integration of big data, the Internet of Things, blockchain and artificial intelligence technologies into the energy, transport, industry and public administration sectors. Considerable attention is paid to analysing the current state and trends in the formation of a ‘green economy’ in Ukraine, outlining the existing achievements in the development of solar and wind energy, the introduction of smart technologies and the use of digital systems for monitoring emissions and accounting for energy consumption. At the same time, key barriers have been identified: the high energy intensity of the economy, dependence on fossil fuels, limited investment, institutional instability and uneven implementation of environmental innovations in the regions. Particular emphasis is placed on the potential of digital technologies as drivers of environmental innovation, ensuring transparency of management decisions, efficiency of resource consumption and scalability of green changes. In general, the prospects for the development of a ‘green economy’ in Ukraine are linked to post-war reconstruction processes, the harmonisation of environmental and digital policies with European standards, the expansion of ‘green’ financing practices, and the creation of conditions for active international cooperation. The strategic vector is defined as Ukraine's integration into a single European environmental and digital space, which will not only increase the competitiveness of the national economy but also contribute to the formation of a qualitatively new model of social development focused on sustainability.
