UK: У статті розглянуто різні методи моделювання економічних процесів, зокрема методи багатовимірної статистики, такі як кластерний аналіз, багатовимірне ранжування, таксономічний аналіз, множинна регресія та кореляція, дискримінантний аналіз, багатовимірне шкалювання тощо. Методи статистичного моделювання систематизовано та візуалізовано. Коротко охарактеризовано сутність методів багатовимірної статистики та вказано певні особливості цих методів, передумови до їх використання тощо. Наведено приклад використання одного з методів статистичного моделювання, а саме таксономічного аналізу на регіональному рівні. Здійснено розрахунок таксономічних показників розвитку регіонів України, а також виділено регіони-лідери та регіони-аутсайдери за результатами таксономічного аналізу.
EN: The article discusses various methods of modeling economic processes, in particular methods of multidimensional
statistics, such as cluster analysis, multidimensional ranking, taxonomic analysis, multiple regression and correlation,
discriminant analysis, multidimensional scaling, etc. Methods of statistical modeling are systematized and visualized.
The variety of methods of modeling economic processes requires their systematization and comparative analysis.
A critical overview of multidimensional statistical methods and methods used to analyse one-dimensional economic
processes helps researchers understand which modeling method to choose and which prerequisites for using the
method should be considered. The essence of the methods of multidimensional statistics is briefly described and
certain features of these methods, prerequisites for their use, etc. are indicated. An example of the use of one of
the methods of statistical modeling, taxonomic analysis at the regional level, is given. The taxonomic indicators of
the development of the regions of Ukraine were calculated, as well as the leader regions and outsider regions were
selected based on the results of the taxonomic analysis. The article states that taxonomic analysis can also be
attributed to the group of classification methods, since in the process of applying the method, elements are not simply
ordered, but also search for distances to the standard vector, which is already a sign of clustering. The taxonomic
analysis of the regions of Ukraine was carried out according to such indicators as capital investments, foreign trade
turnover, the unemployment rate and the number of active business entities. Standardization of indicators was
carried out using the range of variation, taking into account stimulating indicators and destimulating indicators. Thus,
it can be clearly seen that the leading regions mostly include those regions that are industrially developed, and the
outsider regions are those areas that require additional capital investments. The results and recommendations are
presented for the year 2021, since in February 2022 a full-scale russian invasion of the territory of Ukraine took
place.
